Vitreous and Vitreous Hemorrhage: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

Vitreous: Definition & Components The vitreous (vitreous humor) is a transparent, gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina in the posterior segment of the eye. It helps maintain the shape of the eyeball and provides a pathway for light to reach the retina. Components of Vitreous Water (99%) – Provides transparency and maintains shape. Collagen fibers (Type II, IX, XI) – Provide structural support. Hyaluronic acid – Helps in hydration and gel consistency. Proteins & Other Molecules – Maintain biochemical stability. Cells (Hyalocytes & Fibroblasts) – Involved in collagen and hyaluronic acid synthesis. Metabolites – Oxygen, glucose, and electrolytes. Important Points: Vitreous is avascular and gets nutrients from the surrounding structures. It is firmly attached at three main sites: Vitreous base (strongest attachment, near ora serrata). Optic disc margin. Macular region. With aging, it undergoes liquefaction (syneresis), leading to posterior vitreous detachme…